1.Common hoisting methods used in mechanical and electrical engineering include: tower crane hoisting, bridge crane hoisting, truck crane hoisting, crawler crane hoisting, helicopter hoisting, tail boom system hoisting, cable lock system hoisting, hydraulic lifting, hoisting by utilizing structures, and ramp method lifting, etc.
2. When using structures for hoisting, and achieving the lifting or moving of equipment through hoisting equipment such as winches and pulley blocks, the following should be ensured:
1) A special hoisting plan should be formulated, and the strength and stability of the bearing structure under the force conditions should be verified.
2) The chosen force application points and plans should be approved by the design personnel.
3) For the bearing parts through anchor points or direct binding, local reinforcement measures should also be taken, such as using large steel plates, sleepers, etc. for local strengthening, and using angle steel or wooden strips to protect the corners of beams or columns.
4) During construction, a dedicated person should be assigned to monitor the structure at the force application points.
For the hoisting of equipment structural components, mobile cranes should be preferred. During hoisting, no personnel are allowed to stay within the crane's rotation range. When using a derrick for hoisting, the forces at each lifting point should be evenly distributed. When hoisting horizontal equipment, the distance between lifting points should be greater than 1/3 of the equipment's length, and lifting beams are recommended for hoisting. When hoisting by slinging, the contact areas between the slings and the equipment's edges and corners should be protected, and the equipment itself should also be protected.
4. Steel structure hoisting.
1) Before hoisting the roof truss of a single-story steel structure factory building, stability verification should be conducted based on the binding points. Temporary reinforcement should be carried out if necessary.
2) For multi-story steel structure columns, the climbing ladders and operation baskets or platforms should be temporarily fixed on the steel columns.
3) When hoisting frame steel beams, handrails and safety ropes for handrails should be installed.
4) For the hoisting of special steel structures, when using the high-altitude assembly method to hoist the tower frame, the traveling mast must be
